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Dampproofing
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A process used on concrete, masonry or stone surfaces to repel water, the main purpose of which is to prevent the coated surface from absorbing rain water while still permitting moisture vapor to escape from the structure. (Moisture vapor readily penetrates coatings of this type.) "Dampproofing" generally applies to surfaces above grade; "waterproofing" generally applies to surfaces below grade.
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Dead Load
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The constant, design-weight (of the roof) and any permanent fixtures attached above or below.
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Decay
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Disintegration of wood or other substance through the action of fungi,
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Deflect
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To bend or deform under weight.
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Deflection
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The amount of bending movement of any part of a structural member perpendicular to the axis of the member under an applied load.
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Design Pressure
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Specified pressure a product is designed to withstand.
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Dimensional Lumber
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Yard lumber from 2 inches to, but not including, 5 inches thick and 2 or more inches wide. Includes joists, rafters, studs, plank, and small timbers.
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Direct Nailing
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To nail perpendicular to the initial surface or to the junction of the pieces joined. Also termed face nailing.
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Distortion
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Alteration of viewed images caused by variations in glass flatness or inhomogeneous portions within the glass. An inherent characteristic of heat-treated glass.
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Door Jamb (Interior)
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The surrounding case into which and out of which a door closes and opens. It consists of two upright pieces, called side jambs, and a horizontal head jamb.
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Dormer
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An opening in a sloping roof, the framing of which projects out to form a vertical wall suitable for windows or other openings. Gable or Shed
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Double Cathedral
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The location where two cathedral ceilings intersect.
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Double Glazing
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In general, any use of two lights of glass, separated by an air space, within an opening, to improve insulation against heat transfer and/or sound transmission. In insulating glass units the air between the glass sheets is thoroughly dried and the space is sealed, eliminating possible condensation and providing superior insulating properties.
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Double Hung Window
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A window with overlapping sashes that slide on vertical tracks. Opens up and down.
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Double Plate
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When two layers of 2x4's or 2x6’s are placed on top of studs in framing a wall.
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Dove Tail Siding
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A traditional log style using timbers joined by dovetail corners and chinking.
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Draw Info Sheet
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Form filled out by the Project Coordinators to inform the Design Department of changes made to the customer’s plans.
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Drawknife
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A tool used to scrape remaining bark off the log and to give it a hand-crafted look.
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Dropped Beam
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A beam in which floor joists or rafters sit on top of. This beam is typically seem protruding through the ceiling line.
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Dressed and Matched (Tongue and Groove)
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Boards or planks machined in such a matter that there is a groove on one edge and a corresponding tongue on the other.
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Dressed Size Lumber
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The dimension of lumber after shrinking from green dimension and after machining to size or pattern.
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Drip Edge (“D” Edge)
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A device designed to prevent water from running back or under an overhang.
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Dry In
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To make a building waterproof.
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Drywall
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Sheetrock (gypsum board) that covers the framing and taping, coating, and finishing to make the interior walls and ceilings of a building. Drywall is also used as a verb to refer to installation process.
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Dumbwaiter
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An elevator with a maximum footage of not more than 9 sq. ft. floor area; not more than 4" headroom and a maximum capacity of 500 lbs. used for carrying materials only.
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Dunnage
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A slab of wood used to separate logs in a bundle.
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Durometer
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The measurement of hardness of a material. A gauge to measure the hardness of an elastomeric material.
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